Hexagram Analysis

I Ching Hexagram 15 : 謙 Ch'ien / Modesty

The hexagram consists of two trigrams: Kên, representing Keeping Still and the mountain, and K'un, representing the earth. The mountain, as the youngest son of the Creative, symbolizes the connection between heaven and earth. It receives the blessings of the heavens in the form of clouds and rain, and then radiates this heavenly light. This exemplifies the power of humility in great and strong individuals. On the other hand, K'un, the earth, is placed above the mountain, representing the elevation of lowliness. This demonstrates how modesty can uplift and empower simple people.

The Judgment

Achievement is born from humility. The exceptional individual sees their endeavors to completion.

The universe operates on a law of balance, where fullness must give way to emptiness and modesty must be elevated. The sun, at its highest point, must eventually set, and at its lowest point, it must rise again. The moon, when full, must eventually wane and then wax once more. This law extends to the fate of humanity as well. The earth also follows this law, as mountains are eroded by water and valleys are filled in. Fate also follows this law, as it undermines the full and prospers the modest. People tend to dislike those who are full of themselves and admire those who are humble. However, while destiny is predetermined, individuals have the power to shape their own fate through their actions. If one behaves with humility, even in a position of power, they will be respected for their wisdom. If one is modest in a lowly position, they will not be overlooked. Therefore, a superior person can achieve their goals without boasting about their accomplishments.

The Image

A mountain lies deep within the earth, embodying the essence of Humility. The wise individual lessens excess and increases deficiency, balancing all things with careful consideration.

The riches of the earth, concealed within a mountain's depths, remain unseen to the naked eye. The mountain's towering height offsets the depths below, creating a balance between high and low that results in the flat plain. This natural phenomenon, which took eons to form, serves as a symbol of humility. Similarly, the wise leader strives to establish order in society by bridging the gap between extremes that cause unrest, thus creating a fair and just environment for all.